![]() Over the course of the decade, the United States tested several varieties of rockets and missiles, but all of these tests ended in failure. Both countries were also engaged in developing satellites as a part of a goal set by the International Council of Scientific Unions, which had called for the launch of satellite technology during late 1957 or 1958. Nazi Germany had been close to developing the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) near the end of the Second World War, and German scientists aided research in both countries in the wake of that conflict. ![]() As a result, the launch of Sputnik served to intensify the arms race and raise Cold War tensions.ĭuring the 1950s, both the United States and the Soviet Union were working to develop new technology. military had generally fallen behind in developing new technology. The fact that the Soviets were successful fed fears that the U.S. ![]() ![]() The successful launch came as a shock to experts and citizens in the United States, who had hoped that the United States would accomplish this scientific advancement first. On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the earth's first artificial satellite, Sputnik I. ![]()
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